Ruby

Ruby, stemming from the Latin for red, is a pinkish red to blood-red variety of corundum, the second hardest mineral, alongside sapphires. It is one of the traditional Cardinal gemstones that has been a consumer and collector favorite for hundreds of years. In general, all gemstone-quality corundum in shades of red and pink are referred to as rubies. However, the United States has instilled a minimum color saturation requirement in order to be classified as ruby, otherwise the gem is named a pink sapphire. The most valuable shade of red, called blood-red or pigeon blood, holds a much higher premium over other rubies of similar quality. Historically in China and India, rubies were used in ornamenting armor, scabbards, and the harnesses of noblemen. Some warriors even went as far as inserting the gems in their skin with the thought of it creating invincibility. They were also laid beneath the foundation of buildings in order to secure good fortune to the structure and the people residing within it. Rubies are said to signify passion, protection, and wealth as well being a symbol of love and commitment.